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D and C

D and C

Definition

D and C is a procedure to scrape and collect the tissue (endometrium) from inside the uterus. Dilatation ("D") is a widening of the cervix to allow instruments into the uterus. Curettage ("C") is the scraping of the contents of the uterus.

Alternative Names

Dilatation and curettage; Uterus scraping

Description

D and C, also called uterine scraping, is a fairly minor surgical procedure. The procedure may be performed in the hospital or in a clinic using general or local anesthesia.

The vaginal canal is held open by a speculum, and the opening to the uterus (cervix) may be anesthetized. The cervical canal is widened using a metal rod, and a curette (a metal loop on the end of a long, thin handle) is passed through the canal into the uterine cavity. The inner layer of the uterus (endometrium) is scraped away, and the tissue is collected for examination.

Why the Procedure is Performed

Uterine scraping (D and C) may be done to:

  • Diagnose conditions using the tissue samples collected (biopsies)
  • Treat irregular or heavy bleeding
  • Remove fetal or placental tissue -- used for some elective or therapeutic abortions and to remove any remaining tissue after a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)

D and C may be recommended for:

Recovery

Normal activities may be resumed as soon as the patient feels well, possibly even the same day. There may be vaginal bleeding, as well as pelvic cramps and back pain for a few days after the procedure.

Pain can usually be managed well with medications. Tampon use is not recommended for a few weeks, and sexual intercourse is not recommended for a few days.

Outlook (Prognosis)

D and C has relatively few risks, can provide relief from bleeding, and can help diagnose infection, cancer, infertility, and other diseases.

Risks

Risks due to anesthesia include:

Risks of any surgery include:

  • Bleeding
  • Infection

Additional risks include:

  • Puncture (perforation) of the uterus
  • Laceration (tear) of the cervix
  • Scarring of the uterine lining (endometrium)
Review Date: 6/6/2006
Reviewed By: Audra Robertson, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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