ADAM Health Encyclopedia

Secretin stimulation test

Definition

This test measures the ability of the pancreas to respond to secretin. Secretin is a hormone produced by the small intestine when partially digested food has moved into the intestine from the stomach.

Secretin normally causes the pancreas to release a fluid with a high concentration of bicarbonate. Acting as an antacid, this fluid works against the acid in the material from the stomach, so that enzymes in the small intestine can work properly. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down food and helping in the absorption of nutrients.

Alternative Names

Pancreatic function test

Why the Test is Performed

The secretin stimulation test is performed to evaluate the function of the pancreas in digestion. People with diseases involving the pancreas may have abnormal pancreatic performance. Such diseases include chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, or pancreatic cancer.

In people with cystic fibrosis, the pancreas may form mucus plugs that can block the pancreatic ducts that empty into the small intestines. These plugs prevent neutralization of the food acidity, which ultimately reduces the ability to digest and absorb foods.

How the Test is Performed

A tube is inserted through the nose and into the stomach, then into the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). Secretin is given through this tube, and the contents of the released material from the duodenum are removed through the tube over a period of about 2 hours.

How to Prepare for the Test

Fast for 12 hours prior to the test. This means no eating or drinking (including water).

For infants and children:

The preparation you can provide for this test depends on your child's age and experience. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics:

• Infant test or procedure preparation (birth to 1 year)
• Toddler test or procedure preparation (1 to 3 years)
• Preschooler test or procedure preparation (3 to 6 years)
• School age test or procedure preparation (6 to 12 years)
• Adolescent test or procedure preparation (12 to 18 years)

How the Test Will Feel

You may experience a gagging sensation as the tube is inserted.

Risks

There is a slight risk of the tube being placed through the windpipe and into the lungs, instead of through the esophagus and into the stomach. The health care provider will be sure the tube is correctly placed before continuing with the test.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal values may indicate cystic fibrosis or chronic pancreatitis.