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Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a formula that defines average relative weight for height in people older than 20 years. It is easy to calculate, inexpensive and does not require any special equipment. A BMI below 18.5 is considered underweight, 18.5 to 24.9 is normal, 25 to 29.9 is overweight, and 30 or above is considered obese.

A high or low BMI result can indicate a potential risk for health problems and chronic disease. A low BMI is indicative of malnutrition, which may be observed in anorexia nervosa or cancer. A BMI above 25 is correlated with higher risk for chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure. However, there are exceptions. For example, a football player may be 6' tall and weigh 230 pounds. His BMI is 31, which is considered obese. However, muscle weighs more than fat. The football player is probably very muscular, which accounts for his high BMI. The BMI does not measure body composition.

Fill in your weight in pounds and height in feet and inches in the boxes below to calculate your BMI.

Weight:
Height: feet inches

  1. Multiply your weight (in pounds) by 705.
  2. Convert your height to inches (multiple feet x 12) + inches = total inches
  3. Take the number from step 1 and divide it by your height in inches twice.
Here is an example…

Weight: 140 pounds
Height: 5'5" (65 inches)
140 x 705 = 98,700
98,700 ÷ 65 ÷ 65 = BMI (23.3) = Normal

The BMI Calculator is also available from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

A measure that does measure body composition is the waist circumference. The presence of excess fat around the abdomen is another predictor of risk for chronic illness. An individual may have a normal BMI, but still be at risk for health problems because of excessive abdominal fat around the waist. A waist circumference of greater than 35 inches in women, and greater than 40 inches in men indicates a high waist circumference.

Reference:
Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: Executive Summary. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 899-917.

Last Reviewed: February 11, 2002

Lisa Cicciarello Andrews, MEd, RD, LD
Adjunct Faculty
College of Nursing
University of Cincinnati